Guanidinium bromide (GDBr) and its derivatives are known to promote and enable stable 2D perovskite structures. This is done via i) the van der Waals interactions between guanidinium cations, and ii) hydrogen−halogen bonding between guanidinium cations and halide ions of different layers.

The presence of the guanidinium cation results in reduced defect density for the perovskite film and a longer carrier lifetime, due to a hydrogen-bonding effect produced by hydrogen from the guanidinium salt.

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